Utilitarianism is a way to think about what is right or wrong, especially when faced with tricky choices. Here are some key points to keep in mind:

• Focus on Happiness: The main idea is to try to create the most happiness for everyone. This can make it easier to decide what to do. You just look at what will make the most people happy and choose that option.

• Two Types of Utilitarianism: There are two kinds to think about:

  • Act Utilitarianism looks at each action separately and its results.
  • Rule Utilitarianism thinks about the long-term effects of following a certain rule. This means you might come up with different answers depending on which way you choose to think.

• Real-Life Challenges: In real life, things can get complicated. People often have different interests, and we can't always predict what will happen. This makes it hard to figure out what is best for everyone.

In short, utilitarianism can be useful, but it doesn't always give us clear answers when things get tough.