Electrical energy is a key type of energy that powers many of the technology we use today. To really understand electrical energy, we can look at where it comes from and how it is made.

Sources of Electrical Energy

1. Fossil Fuels:

   • About 63% of the world's electrical energy comes from fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, and oil.
   • In power plants, these fuels are burned to create steam, which helps turn turbines. These turbines then generate electricity.

2. Nuclear Energy:

   • Nuclear power makes up around 10% of global electricity.
   • It works by splitting uranium atoms, which produces heat. This heat creates steam that helps produce electricity.

3. Renewable Sources:

   • Renewable energy sources provide 27% of the world's electricity generation.
   • Solar Power: This energy comes from sunlight. Special panels called photovoltaic cells turn sunlight into electricity. The total amount of solar power installed around the world is over 800 gigawatts (GW).
   • Wind Energy: Wind turbines catch wind and turn it into electricity. As of 2021, wind power capacity was more than 700 GW.
   • Hydropower: This source produces about 16% of the world's electricity using moving water to generate power.

How Energy is Converted

• Electromagnetic Induction:

  • This is an important idea for making electrical energy. It was explained by a scientist named Faraday. It shows that when a magnetic field changes in a closed loop, it creates an electrical force.

• Energy Storage:

  • Batteries are used to store energy. They take chemical energy and change it into electrical energy. For example, lithium-ion batteries can hold a lot of energy, around 150–200 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh/kg).

Getting and Using Electricity

• Grid Systems:

  • Electricity travels through high-voltage power lines. This helps reduce energy loss that can happen while moving power from one place to another.

• Devices and Applications:

  • Many different devices use electrical energy. For example, electric motors turn electrical energy into movement, heaters change electrical energy into heat, and many gadgets we use run on electricity.

In simple terms, electrical energy comes from various sources and is transformed in different ways. It plays an important role in our everyday lives with many different uses.