Gibbs Free Energy, often called $G$, is an important concept in chemistry. It helps us understand whether a chemical reaction will happen on its own and when the reaction will reach a balanced state.

We can look at the change in Gibbs Free Energy, which is written as $\Delta G$. It is calculated using this equation:

$\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S$

Here's what the terms mean:

• $\Delta H$ is the change in heat content,
• $T$ is the temperature measured in Kelvin,
• $\Delta S$ is the change in disorder or randomness.

Now, let's break this down further:

1. Spontaneity:

   • If $\Delta G < 0$: The reaction will happen by itself (it's spontaneous).
   • If $\Delta G > 0$: The reaction will not happen by itself (it's non-spontaneous).
   • If $\Delta G = 0$: The reaction has reached a balanced state (equilibrium).

2. Equilibrium Constant:

Gibbs Free Energy is also related to something called the equilibrium constant, which is shown as $K$. We can find the connection using this formula:

$\Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K$

In this equation:

• $R$ is a constant number used in gas calculations (8.314 J/mol·K).
• $K$ tells us the ratio of products to reactants when the reaction is balanced.

In summary, Gibbs Free Energy is a key tool for understanding how chemical reactions work and how they reach balance.