In Spanish, the way we use subject pronouns can be very different based on whether the situation is formal or informal. Here are some key points to make it easier to understand:

1. Subject Pronouns:

   • Formal (usted): You use this when talking to someone in charge or someone you don’t know well.
     • For example, you might say, Usted habla español, which means "You speak Spanish."
   • Informal (tú): You use this with friends or people your age.
     • For example, you would say, Tú hablas español, meaning "You speak Spanish."

2. Omitting Subject Pronouns:

   • In Spanish, we can sometimes skip the subject pronoun. This is because the verb shows who is doing the action.
     • For example:
       • Instead of saying Yo hablo español (I speak Spanish), we can just say Hablo español.

3. Present Tense Conjugations:

   • For regular verbs like hablar (to speak), it goes like this:
     • Yo hablo (I speak),
     • tú hablas (you speak),
     • usted habla (you speak).
   • For irregular verbs like tener (to have), it looks like this:
     • Yo tengo (I have),
     • tú tienes (you have),
     • usted tiene (you have).

4. Preterite vs. Imperfect:

   • The Preterite is for actions that are done or finished.
     • For example, Ayer hablé means "I spoke yesterday."
   • The Imperfect is for actions that were happening over time.
     • For example, Hablaba todos los días means "I used to speak every day."

5. Subjunctive Mood:

   • We use this mood for expressing wishes or doubts.
     • For example, you might say, Espero que hable, which means "I hope that he/she speaks."

6. Object Pronouns:

   • Direct Object: This replaces the object in a sentence.
     • For example, Lo veo means "I see him."
   • Indirect Object: This tells us who gets something.
     • For example, Le doy el libro means "I give him the book."

Understanding these different forms will help you speak better in both formal and informal situations in Spanish.