Understanding fractions can be tough, especially when we need to tell apart proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed numbers. Let’s break it down:

1. Proper Fractions: These are fractions where the top number (numerator) is smaller than the bottom number (denominator). For example, $\frac{2}{3}$ is a proper fraction. It can be tricky to recognize them, especially if there is no context to help.

2. Improper Fractions: In these fractions, the top number is bigger than or equal to the bottom number. An example is $\frac{5}{4}$. Many students find it hard to picture these fractions because they can seem a bit strange.

3. Mixed Numbers: These are made up of a whole number plus a proper fraction, like $2\frac{1}{4}$. Students often have a hard time switching back and forth between mixed numbers and improper fractions.

To make understanding fractions easier, practice is key! Working with fraction problems, using pictures, number lines, and exercises to change between mixed numbers and improper fractions can really help. This will make fractions clearer and more familiar for everyone.