Understanding advanced verb aspects is key to discussing economic trends in Russian. There are two main types: perfective and imperfective. Each type helps us express different meanings.

Perfective Aspect

The perfective aspect shows that an action is finished or that something has changed. We often use it when talking about the results of economic predictions or changes.

Examples:

• Вырастет (will grow) - "Экономика вырастет на 5%."
  (This means: The economy will grow by 5%.)

• Увеличилась (increased) - "Инвестиции увеличились в этом квартале."
  (This means: Investments increased this quarter.)

Imperfective Aspect

The imperfective aspect talks about actions that are happening right now or actions that are habits. It helps us describe trends over time or general economic situations.

Examples:

• Растёт (is growing) - "Экономика растёт медленно."
  (This means: The economy is growing slowly.)

• Снижается (is decreasing) - "Безработица снижается."
  (This means: Unemployment is decreasing.)

Words for Discussing Economics

Here are some helpful words to know:

• Тренд (trend)
• Падение (decline)
• Рост (growth)
• Инвестиции (investments)
• Дефляция (deflation)

Practice Sentences

1. В прошлом году экономика увеличивалась (was increasing) стабильно.
   (This means: Last year, the economy was increasing steadily.)

2. В следующем месяце мы ожидаем (expect) роста инвестиций.
   (This means: Next month, we expect an increase in investments.)

By learning these verb aspects, you can talk more clearly about economic trends in Russian.