AVL and Red-Black Trees have some tough challenges when it comes to adding or removing items. Let’s break it down.

1. Problems When Inserting:

• When you want to add something new, these trees need to make sure everything stays balanced.
• AVL trees might need to do more than one rotation to get things right.
• Red-Black trees might have to change some colors and possibly rotate as well.

2. Problems When Deleting:

• Taking something out can mess up the balance of the tree.
• Both types of trees might need to be rearranged in complicated ways to stay balanced.

Possible Solutions:

• Regular Checks: Keeping an eye on how balanced the tree is can help avoid problems.
• Better Methods: Using smarter balancing techniques can make adding and removing items easier.