Biological systems are really interesting, especially when you think about how they use capillarity and surface tension.

Here are some simple ways they depend on these fluid properties:

1. Water Movement in Plants:

   • Capillarity helps water flow through tiny tubes in plants called xylem.
   • This is important for moving nutrients and keeping the plant strong and upright.
   • When water molecules stick together, they create a strong pull that helps move water upward, thanks to surface tension.

2. Cell Membranes:

   • Surface tension helps shape cell membranes.
   • The way the lipid bilayer (a double layer of fats) is arranged is influenced by water's surface tension.
   • This helps keep cells healthy and working properly.

3. Breathing in Water-Dwelling Creatures:

   • Surface tension also plays a big part in how gas is exchanged in water.
   • Some small organisms can use surface tension to float or even walk on water.

4. Movement of Bacteria:

   • Some bacteria use surface tension to help them move around.
   • They take advantage of capillary forces to glide through moist areas.

In short, these properties are essential for life and help living organisms adapt to their surroundings.