Chromosomal problems can cause genetic disorders in different ways. Let’s break it down:

1. Types of Problems:

   • Numerical Problems: A common example is Down syndrome. This happens when a person has an extra copy of chromosome 21, which is called trisomy 21. It affects around 1 in 700 babies born.
   • Structural Problems: Sometimes, parts of chromosomes can be deleted, duplicated, or moved around. These changes can mess up how genes work.

2. Effect on Genes:

   • These chromosome problems can either stop important genes from working or lead to the production of damaged proteins.

3. How Common Are They?:

   • About 1 in 150 babies born are affected by a chromosomal disorder.

Understanding chromosomal abnormalities helps us figure out some genetic disorders and their effects on people's lives.