Chromosomes are super important when cells divide and make new ones. Here’s how they help keep everything running smoothly:
Structure and Organization: Chromosomes are like tightly wrapped packages made of DNA and proteins called histones. This neat wrapping makes it easier to split the DNA evenly when the cell divides.
Replication Process: Before a cell splits, each chromosome makes a copy of itself. These copies are called sister chromatids. They stick together in the middle through a part called the centromere. This sticking helps make sure that each new cell gets the same set of chromosomes.
Checkpoints: Cells have special checkpoints that check for any problems. They make sure the DNA is okay and that the chromosomes are attached properly to the spindle fibers. This helps prevent mistakes when the DNA is shared out.
By working this way, chromosomes help keep our genetic information stable and accurate when cells divide.
Chromosomes are super important when cells divide and make new ones. Here’s how they help keep everything running smoothly:
Structure and Organization: Chromosomes are like tightly wrapped packages made of DNA and proteins called histones. This neat wrapping makes it easier to split the DNA evenly when the cell divides.
Replication Process: Before a cell splits, each chromosome makes a copy of itself. These copies are called sister chromatids. They stick together in the middle through a part called the centromere. This sticking helps make sure that each new cell gets the same set of chromosomes.
Checkpoints: Cells have special checkpoints that check for any problems. They make sure the DNA is okay and that the chromosomes are attached properly to the spindle fibers. This helps prevent mistakes when the DNA is shared out.
By working this way, chromosomes help keep our genetic information stable and accurate when cells divide.