Climate and geography are very important for understanding the variety of life in different ecosystems, called biomes. Each biome has its own temperature, rainfall, and land features. These factors help determine what plants and animals can live there and how they adapt to their environment.

1. Temperature and Rainfall:

• Biomes are mainly classified by their climate, especially temperature and rainfall. Here are two examples:
  • Tropical Rainforests: They have temperatures between 20°C and 30°C and receive more than 2,000 mm of rain each year. This warm and wet environment is home to over 50% of all land animals and plants on Earth.
  • Deserts: Deserts get less than 250 mm of rain each year and have big temperature changes. These dry conditions mean fewer types of plants and animals can survive. Some, like cacti and desert foxes, have special traits to handle the tough climate.

2. Geographic Features:

• The land itself also affects climate and the types of habitats available. For example, tall mountains can block rain, creating dry areas on one side. In the Andes Mountains, you find:
  • Windward Side: This side gets lots of rain and has green, lush forests.
  • Leeward Side: Here, it's much drier, leading to desert environments.

3. Importance of Biodiversity:

• Biodiversity means having many different kinds of plants and animals. It’s important because it helps ecosystems stay healthy and work properly. In places with high biodiversity, like coral reefs, you can find up to 25% of all marine species. This shows how different species depend on each other.
• There are also economic benefits. Areas rich in biodiversity can provide food, medicine, and opportunities for tourism.

4. Facts About Biodiversity Loss:

• Right now, about 1 million species are facing extinction because of habitat loss, climate change, and actions taken by humans. Protecting different biomes is essential to keep our planet’s biodiversity alive.

In conclusion, climate and geography are key factors that shape the unique types of life found in various biomes. Understanding these connections is very important for protecting our environment and keeping the balance of nature on our planet.