Crystal defects play a big role in how materials get old and wear out. Here’s how they affect things:
Point Defects: These are tiny holes or extra atoms in the material. They can change how strong the material is.
Dislocation Density: This is about how many of these defects are packed together. Having more of them can make the material tougher. The number of dislocations can vary a lot, from about 10,000 to 1 trillion for every square meter.
When there are more defects, the material usually becomes weaker. This is often explained with something called the Hall-Petch relationship.
For instance, if you reduce the size of the grains (the tiny pieces in the material) by half, the strength can actually go up by 60%.
This means that if materials sit in hot conditions for long enough, they can start to perform much worse.
Crystal defects play a big role in how materials get old and wear out. Here’s how they affect things:
Point Defects: These are tiny holes or extra atoms in the material. They can change how strong the material is.
Dislocation Density: This is about how many of these defects are packed together. Having more of them can make the material tougher. The number of dislocations can vary a lot, from about 10,000 to 1 trillion for every square meter.
When there are more defects, the material usually becomes weaker. This is often explained with something called the Hall-Petch relationship.
For instance, if you reduce the size of the grains (the tiny pieces in the material) by half, the strength can actually go up by 60%.
This means that if materials sit in hot conditions for long enough, they can start to perform much worse.