Energy conversion is an important idea in science. It shows how different types of energy can change into one another in real life. Here are some common examples:

1. Kinetic Energy to Potential Energy:

   • Imagine a roller coaster at the top of a hill. At this point, it has a lot of gravitational potential energy (GPE). This energy can be figured out using the formula:
     [ \text{GPE} = mgh ]
     Here, ( m ) stands for mass (how heavy it is in kilograms), ( g ) is the force of gravity (which is about 9.81 m/s²), and ( h ) is the height (how high it is in meters).
     As the coaster goes down the hill, this potential energy changes into kinetic energy (KE):
     [ \text{KE} = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 ]
     In this, ( v ) is the speed (how fast it is going in meters per second).

2. Chemical Energy to Thermal Energy:

   • When something burns, like gasoline, it shows how chemical energy turns into thermal energy (heat). For gasoline, this process releases about 36 megajoules of energy for every kilogram burned.

3. Electrical Energy to Light Energy:

   • In a common light bulb, only about 10% of the electrical energy is turned into light. The other 90% is wasted as heat.

4. Conservation of Energy:

   • No matter what changes happen, the total amount of energy before and after remains the same. This is known as the conservation of energy.

These examples show how different types of energy are connected and how they play a role in technology and nature.