Environmental factors can really help create differences in genes, mostly because of mutations. Let’s break it down:

1. What Are Mutations?: Mutations are changes that can happen on their own when DNA copies itself. But things in the environment can make these changes happen more often. For instance, certain chemicals, rays from the sun, or even changes in temperature can lead to different DNA patterns.

2. What Environmental Factors Can Cause Mutations?:

   • Radiation: The UV light from the sun can cause skin cells to change. Sometimes, these changes can lead to skin cancer.
   • Chemicals: Things like pesticides and pollution can harm DNA. This damage can sometimes be passed down to the next generation.
   • Viruses: Some viruses can add their own DNA into our DNA, which can cause mutations too.

3. Effects of Mutations: Not every mutation is bad. In fact, some can be helpful! For example, they might make someone more resistant to diseases or help them live better in tough conditions. Over a long time, these changes can contribute to evolution.

So, looking at how the environment affects genes is important to understanding how different species adjust and grow. It’s fascinating how all these pieces are connected!