Errors in the cell cycle can cause cancer in different ways:
Mutation Build-Up: Sometimes, cells can gather changes in their genes. These include changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. For example, over 50% of human cancers have changes in the TP53 gene. This gene helps stop tumors from forming.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints: There are important spots in the cell cycle, known as checkpoints. They help look for mistakes in the cells. About 80% of cancers show problems with these checkpoints, which lets damaged cells keep growing.
Mitosis Mistakes: During a part of cell division called mitosis, chromosomes can get separated incorrectly. This is called aneuploidy. About 90% of solid tumors show signs of aneuploidy, which makes the cell's DNA unstable.
Regulation Problems: When there’s a failure in controlling certain proteins called cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cells can divide without control. This is a main sign of cancer cells.
When these issues happen, they help support uncontrolled cell growth, leading to tumor formation.
Errors in the cell cycle can cause cancer in different ways:
Mutation Build-Up: Sometimes, cells can gather changes in their genes. These include changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. For example, over 50% of human cancers have changes in the TP53 gene. This gene helps stop tumors from forming.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints: There are important spots in the cell cycle, known as checkpoints. They help look for mistakes in the cells. About 80% of cancers show problems with these checkpoints, which lets damaged cells keep growing.
Mitosis Mistakes: During a part of cell division called mitosis, chromosomes can get separated incorrectly. This is called aneuploidy. About 90% of solid tumors show signs of aneuploidy, which makes the cell's DNA unstable.
Regulation Problems: When there’s a failure in controlling certain proteins called cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cells can divide without control. This is a main sign of cancer cells.
When these issues happen, they help support uncontrolled cell growth, leading to tumor formation.