Genetic mutations can greatly change how enzymes work in different ways. Let's break it down:

1. Changes in Amino Acids: When there’s a mutation in the DNA, it can cause a different amino acid to be added to the enzyme. This change can affect the enzyme's active site. The active site is where the enzyme connects with the substances it helps react. If this area changes, it might slow down the reaction.

2. Loss of Function: Some mutations can make an enzyme stop working. For example, if a key part of the enzyme is changed, it might not help the reaction happen as it should. This can lead to problems in how the body works.

3. Increased Activity: On the other hand, some mutations can make an enzyme work better. This means the enzyme can react faster or be effective even when there are fewer substances available.

4. Changes in Stability: Mutations can also change how stable the enzyme is. This means it could become either stronger or weaker, affecting how it can function.

Understanding how genetics and enzymes interact is really interesting, especially in medicine. Sometimes, these mutations can even cause diseases.