Indicators are special substances that change color when the acidity or alkalinity of a solution changes. They help us measure how acidic or basic a solution is during neutralization reactions.

But, using indicators isn't always easy. Here are some challenges we might face:

1. Subjectivity: Different people might see colors differently. This can lead to various results, making it hard to know if the color change is accurate.

2. Limited pH Range: Each indicator works well only within a certain pH range. If the solution's pH goes outside that range, the indicator might not change color clearly. For example, phenolphthalein only changes color between pH 8 and 10. If the pH is outside this range, it won’t show a change during neutralization.

3. Complexity of Mixtures: When we mix different acids and bases, other ingredients can affect the color change of the indicator. This makes it hard to figure out the exact pH.

To solve these problems, we can:

• Use several indicators at once to cover a wider pH range. This helps us get more reliable results.
• Use pH meters, which give precise numbers instead of relying on color. This makes measurements more accurate.
• Perform tests in controlled environments to limit the influence of other substances in the mixture.

By taking these steps, we can overcome the challenges of using indicators. This will help us better understand and measure pH in neutralization reactions.