Molecules that are larger need special ways to cross the cell membrane. Here are the main methods:

1. Endocytosis: This is when cells "swallow" large molecules. It makes up about 10% of how things move in and out of cells.

   • Types:
     • Phagocytosis: This is like "cell eating," where cells take in big particles.
     • Pinocytosis: This is like "cell drinking," where cells take in fluids.

2. Exocytosis: This is the opposite of endocytosis. Here, large molecules are pushed out of the cell. Exocytosis accounts for around 5% of how things are transported.

3. Facilitated Diffusion: This process helps larger polar molecules move through special protein channels. About 40% of molecules travel this way.

4. Active Transport: This method uses energy (called ATP) to move larger molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. It makes up about 45% of how cells transport things.

These mechanisms help cells manage large molecules effectively!