Logical fallacies are like red flags that tell us an argument might be weak. Let’s break it down into simple terms:

• Validity: An argument is valid if the conclusion makes sense based on the reasons given. However, a fallacy can make an argument seem well-structured but still be incorrect.

• Soundness: For an argument to be sound, it must be valid, and the reasons need to be true. Fallacies can mess up soundness by adding wrong reasons or conclusions that don’t fit.

So, when we spot these fallacies, it helps us figure out if the argument is both logical and true!