Negation and affirmation in Russian compound sentences help us understand different meanings. Let's explain it in simple ways.

1. Basic Ideas

In Russian, to say "not," we use the word "не."

When we add this word in sentences with multiple parts, it can change the meaning a bit.

Affirmation means we confirm or say something is true.

2. Types of Sentences

1. Affirmative Compound Sentences:

   • Example: Я вижу, что он пришёл, и он сказал мне правду.
     (I see that he has arrived, and he told me the truth.)
   • In this sentence, both parts support each other and give a positive message.

2. Negative Compound Sentences:

   • Example: Я не знаю, что она не пришла, и мне это не нравится.
     (I don’t know that she hasn’t arrived, and I do not like this.)
   • Here, both parts use “not,” so the whole sentence sounds negative.

3. Mixed Sentences

Sometimes, you can mix affirmation and negation in one sentence, showing a contrast:

• Example: Он говорит, что он не хочет, но всё равно пришёл.
  (He says that he doesn’t want to but came anyway.)
  • This shows a kind of struggle, where “not wanting” and “still coming” are both there.

4. Important Words to Connect Ideas

Using the right words helps connect sentences better. Try using:

• и (and) to connect positive ideas
• но (but) to connect ideas that are different

5. Practice Sentences

Let’s practice making some sentences:

1. Она сладко спит.
   (She is sleeping sweetly.)

2. Он не любит кофе.
   (He does not like coffee.)

Now, let’s combine them using both affirmation and negation:

• Она сладко спит, но он не любит кофе.
  (She sleeps sweetly, but he does not like coffee.)

By practicing, you’ll see how negation and affirmation work together in compound sentences!