Supernovae are really important for how galaxies grow and change. They help by adding energy, materials, and complex stuff to the space between stars.

1. Energy Release:

• When a star explodes in a supernova, it can release about $10^{44}$ joules of energy.
• This huge burst of energy affects nearby gas and dust, causing shock waves that can help create new stars.

2. Element Formation:

• Supernovae help make about 90% of the new elements in the universe that are heavier than hydrogen and helium.
• Important elements like carbon, oxygen, and iron are made during these explosions and spread throughout galaxies, making the space between stars richer.

3. Distribution of Matter:

• The materials thrown out by a supernova can mix with existing gas clouds, making them denser. This helps new stars to form.
• Studies suggest that each supernova can lead to the creation of 1 to 5 new stars in crowded areas.

4. Feedback Mechanism:

• Supernovae create cycles that affect how galaxies change over time.
• It’s estimated that up to 70% of a galaxy's gas can be turned into new stars after going through supernova explosions.

In short, supernovae are key players in changing the makeup and shape of galaxies. They are crucial to the ongoing story of how the universe evolves.