When we talk about how different shapes change, it’s really cool to see how each one reacts in its own way. Here’s a simple breakdown of the main transformation rules:

Translation

• What it is: Moving a shape up, down, left, or right.
• Example: If you move triangle ABC to the right by 3 units, its coordinates change from $(x, y)$ to $(x+3, y)$.

Rotation

• What it is: Turning a shape around a point.
• Example: If you rotate square DEF 90 degrees to the right around a point, each corner will move according to this rule: $(x, y) \to (y, -x)$.

Reflection

• What it is: Flipping a shape over a line, like the x-axis or y-axis.
• Example: If you reflect circle G over the y-axis, the points change from $(x, y)$ to $(-x, y)$. This keeps the shape the same but moves it to a different spot.

Enlargement

• What it is: Making a shape bigger while keeping the same shape.
• Example: If you enlarge rectangle HIJ by a scale of 2, it changes from dimensions 2x3 to 4x6.

So, the basic rules help us understand transformations, but how each shape changes depends on its special features!