When we talk about probability, we have to understand what "outcomes" are.

Outcomes are the different results we can get from a random experiment.

For example, imagine flipping a coin. The two possible outcomes are "heads" and "tails."

Outcomes can be simple, like flipping a coin, or more complex, like rolling two dice.

Now, let's explore something called "events."

An event is just a group of one or more outcomes.

For instance, if you roll a die, the event of rolling an even number includes these outcomes: {2, 4, 6}. This means that multiple outcomes can make up one event.

Next, we have the "sample space."

This is all the possible outcomes of an experiment.

For our die example, the sample space would be {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.

Understanding these ideas is really important in probability. They help us figure out probabilities.

For any event, we can find the probability using this formula:

$P(\text{event}) = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of outcomes in the sample space}}.$

So, if you want to find the probability of rolling an even number on a die, you would calculate it like this:

$P(\text{even}) = \frac{3}{6} = \frac{1}{2}.$

By learning these basics, you’re starting to get into the amazing world of probability!