In Spanish, there are two words that mean "to be": "ser" and "estar."

Each word has a different use, depending on if something is permanent or temporary.

Key Points to Remember

1. Permanent vs. Temporary States:

   • Ser: We use this for things that are permanent. This includes who someone is, where they are from, or their job.
     • For example: Ella es doctora. (She is a doctor.)
   • Estar: We use this for things that are temporary, like how someone feels or where they are right now.
     • For example: Ella está cansada. (She is tired.)

2. Conjugation (Changing the Verb Form):

   • Regular Verbs:
     • For -ar verbs:
       • Hablar (to talk) changes to hablo (I talk), hablas (you talk), habla (he/she talks).
     • For -er verbs:
       • Comer (to eat) changes to como (I eat), comes (you eat), come (he/she eats).
     • For -ir verbs:
       • Vivir (to live) changes to vivo (I live), vives (you live), vive (he/she lives).
   • Irregular Verbs:
     • For Ser: it changes to soy, eres, es, somos, and son.
     • For Estar: it changes to estoy, estás, está, estamos, and están.

3. Negative Sentences and Questions:

   • To make a sentence negative:
     • No soy profesor. (I am not a teacher.)
   • To ask a question:
     • ¿Está feliz? (Are you happy?)

4. Adjectives and Agreement:

   • Adjectives need to match the nouns in gender (boy or girl) and number (singular or plural).
     • For example: El chico alto (the tall boy) vs. La chica alta (the tall girl).

Understanding the difference between "ser" and "estar" is super important for describing things correctly in Spanish!