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How do you express negation in the past using 没 in Mandarin?

In Mandarin, when you want to say that something didn't happen in the past, you often use the word 没 (méi). This lesson will help you learn how to use 没 to show that something did not take place. We will go over some basic grammar points too!

Basic Sentence Structure

In Mandarin, the usual order of a sentence is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). Let's look at an example:

  • I eat an apple.
    • 我 (Wǒ) - Subject
    • 吃 (chī) - Verb
    • 一个苹果 (yī gè píngguǒ) - Object

Now, if you want to say that this didn't happen in the past, you add 没.

Using 没 to Show Something Didn't Happen

Using 没 is quite easy:

  • Subject + 没 + Verb + Object

For example:

  • 我没吃一个苹果。
    • (Wǒ méi chī yī gè píngguǒ.)
    • Translation: I did not eat an apple.

About Verbs and the Past

Remember, 没 is used for things that have already happened but did not happen. If you want to say that an action is fully done in the past, you can add the word 了 (le). However, you usually don’t need it when you use 没:

  • 我没吃完。
    • (Wǒ méi chī wán.)
    • Translation: I did not finish eating.

Using Measure Words (量词)

In Mandarin, we use measure words when counting nouns. For example, to talk about an apple, we say 个 (gè):

  • 一个苹果 (yī gè píngguǒ) means "one apple."

When using 没 to show that something didn't happen, make sure to include the measure word if you are talking about amounts:

  • 我没买两个苹果。
    • (Wǒ méi mǎi liǎng gè píngguǒ.)
    • Translation: I did not buy two apples.

Making Questions with 没

To turn a statement into a question, you can add 吗 (ma) at the end:

  • 你吃了吗? (Nǐ chīle ma?)
    • Translation: Did you eat?

To ask if something wasn’t done, you can also use 没 in the same sentence pattern:

  • 你没吃吗?
    • (Nǐ méi chī ma?)
    • Translation: Did you not eat?

Practice Examples

Here are some examples for you to practice:

  1. 我没看电影。

    • (Wǒ méi kàn diànyǐng.)
    • Translation: I did not watch a movie.
  2. 她没去学校。

    • (Tā méi qù xuéxiào.)
    • Translation: She did not go to school.
  3. 他们没喝水。

    • (Tāmen méi hē shuǐ.)
    • Translation: They did not drink water.

Conclusion

Learning how to use 没 to show when something didn’t happen in the past will help you communicate more effectively in Mandarin. Remember the sentence structure, use measure words correctly, and practice asking questions. This will make it easier for you to understand this key part of the language!

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How do you express negation in the past using 没 in Mandarin?

In Mandarin, when you want to say that something didn't happen in the past, you often use the word 没 (méi). This lesson will help you learn how to use 没 to show that something did not take place. We will go over some basic grammar points too!

Basic Sentence Structure

In Mandarin, the usual order of a sentence is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). Let's look at an example:

  • I eat an apple.
    • 我 (Wǒ) - Subject
    • 吃 (chī) - Verb
    • 一个苹果 (yī gè píngguǒ) - Object

Now, if you want to say that this didn't happen in the past, you add 没.

Using 没 to Show Something Didn't Happen

Using 没 is quite easy:

  • Subject + 没 + Verb + Object

For example:

  • 我没吃一个苹果。
    • (Wǒ méi chī yī gè píngguǒ.)
    • Translation: I did not eat an apple.

About Verbs and the Past

Remember, 没 is used for things that have already happened but did not happen. If you want to say that an action is fully done in the past, you can add the word 了 (le). However, you usually don’t need it when you use 没:

  • 我没吃完。
    • (Wǒ méi chī wán.)
    • Translation: I did not finish eating.

Using Measure Words (量词)

In Mandarin, we use measure words when counting nouns. For example, to talk about an apple, we say 个 (gè):

  • 一个苹果 (yī gè píngguǒ) means "one apple."

When using 没 to show that something didn't happen, make sure to include the measure word if you are talking about amounts:

  • 我没买两个苹果。
    • (Wǒ méi mǎi liǎng gè píngguǒ.)
    • Translation: I did not buy two apples.

Making Questions with 没

To turn a statement into a question, you can add 吗 (ma) at the end:

  • 你吃了吗? (Nǐ chīle ma?)
    • Translation: Did you eat?

To ask if something wasn’t done, you can also use 没 in the same sentence pattern:

  • 你没吃吗?
    • (Nǐ méi chī ma?)
    • Translation: Did you not eat?

Practice Examples

Here are some examples for you to practice:

  1. 我没看电影。

    • (Wǒ méi kàn diànyǐng.)
    • Translation: I did not watch a movie.
  2. 她没去学校。

    • (Tā méi qù xuéxiào.)
    • Translation: She did not go to school.
  3. 他们没喝水。

    • (Tāmen méi hē shuǐ.)
    • Translation: They did not drink water.

Conclusion

Learning how to use 没 to show when something didn’t happen in the past will help you communicate more effectively in Mandarin. Remember the sentence structure, use measure words correctly, and practice asking questions. This will make it easier for you to understand this key part of the language!

Related articles