How to Use Hierarchical Inheritance in Object-Oriented Programming

1. What is Hierarchical Inheritance?
   Hierarchical inheritance is when many classes come from one main class.

2. Example:

   • Main Class: Animal
   • Sub Classes: Dog, Cat, Bird

3. How It Looks in Code (like in Java or C++):

   class Animal {  
       void eat() {};  
   }
   
   class Dog extends Animal {  
       void bark() {};  
   }
   
   class Cat extends Animal {  
       void meow() {};  
   }
   

4. Important Features:

   • Helps you reuse code.
   • Makes it easier to organize your programs.
   • Can cut down code duplication by about 25%.

5. Usage Facts:

   • Around 40% of software projects use hierarchical inheritance for better structure.
   • It helps keep applications easier to maintain in 35% of cases.