To change a positive sentence into a negative one or make it a question in Mandarin Chinese, here are some simple rules to remember:

Word Order:

Mandarin uses a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) order.

• Example:
  • 我吃苹果 (Wǒ chī píngguǒ) means "I eat an apple."

Making it Negative:

1. 不 (bù): This is used when an action is happening now or will happen later.
   • Example:
     • 我不吃苹果 (Wǒ bù chī píngguǒ) means "I do not eat an apple."
2. 没（有）(méi(yǒu)): This is used for actions that happened before or to say something doesn't exist.
   • Example:
     • 我没吃苹果 (Wǒ méi chī píngguǒ) means "I did not eat an apple."

Asking Questions:

1. Question Particles:
   • 吗 (ma): This turns a statement into a yes or no question.
     • Example:
       • 你去吗？(Nǐ qù ma?) means "Are you going?"
   • 什么 (shénme), 谁 (shéi), 哪里 (nǎlǐ): These help you ask more specific questions.
     • Example:
       • 你喜欢什么？(Nǐ xǐhuān shénme?) means "What do you like?"

Using Particles:

• 的 (de): This shows ownership.
  • Example:
    • 这是我的书 (Zhè shì wǒ de shū) means "This is my book."

Simple Sentence Changes:

• To turn a positive sentence into a negative one, just replace the verb with 不 or 没（有）.
• To make a sentence a question, just add 吗 at the end.

By learning these rules, you can easily change sentences in Mandarin!