DNA replication is a key process that helps pass on genetic information from one generation to the next. It makes exact copies of DNA so that new cells can have the same information as the original cell. This is very important for keeping the genetic code of an organism safe and sound.
Unwinding the DNA: The DNA, which looks like a twisted ladder, starts to unwind. This happens with the help of an enzyme called helicase.
Base Pairing: Each strand of the unwound DNA serves as a template to create a new matching strand. Another enzyme called DNA polymerase adds building blocks, called nucleotides, to form the new strand. The pairs follow specific rules: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).
Proofreading: DNA polymerase also checks its work. It makes sure that any mistakes are fixed, keeping the replication process accurate.
Cell Division: When cells divide, each new cell gets an identical set of chromosomes. This keeps the genetic information the same.
Evolutionary Stability: By accurately copying genetic information, DNA replication helps keep species stable. It also allows for tiny changes, called mutations, which can help with evolution over time.
In simple terms, DNA replication is super important for keeping our genetic information intact. It makes precise copies of DNA, protects the genetic code, and supports the ability of species to evolve. This process is a vital part of life and shows just how important DNA is in living things.
DNA replication is a key process that helps pass on genetic information from one generation to the next. It makes exact copies of DNA so that new cells can have the same information as the original cell. This is very important for keeping the genetic code of an organism safe and sound.
Unwinding the DNA: The DNA, which looks like a twisted ladder, starts to unwind. This happens with the help of an enzyme called helicase.
Base Pairing: Each strand of the unwound DNA serves as a template to create a new matching strand. Another enzyme called DNA polymerase adds building blocks, called nucleotides, to form the new strand. The pairs follow specific rules: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).
Proofreading: DNA polymerase also checks its work. It makes sure that any mistakes are fixed, keeping the replication process accurate.
Cell Division: When cells divide, each new cell gets an identical set of chromosomes. This keeps the genetic information the same.
Evolutionary Stability: By accurately copying genetic information, DNA replication helps keep species stable. It also allows for tiny changes, called mutations, which can help with evolution over time.
In simple terms, DNA replication is super important for keeping our genetic information intact. It makes precise copies of DNA, protects the genetic code, and supports the ability of species to evolve. This process is a vital part of life and shows just how important DNA is in living things.