The way we save energy is really important when making electric vehicles (EVs). However, there are some problems we need to solve:

1. Battery Efficiency:

   • Right now, most batteries aren’t super efficient. This means a lot of energy gets wasted when we charge or use them. For example, lithium-ion batteries usually only work at about 80-90% efficiency. That means some energy just disappears.

2. Weight and Aerodynamics:

   • It's important for EVs to be light so they use less energy. But if we make them too light, they might not be strong enough. Also, making them aerodynamic can help save energy, but it's tough to find a design that looks good and works well.

3. Regenerative Braking Limitations:

   • Regenerative braking helps save some energy when an EV slows down. But it doesn’t catch all the energy. Typically, it can only recover about 70% of the energy. The rest turns into heat or gets lost in other ways.

4. Resource Scarcity:

   • Getting the materials for batteries can harm the environment and there aren’t unlimited supplies.

Possible Solutions:

• Advancements in Technology: Research on new types of batteries and materials could make them work better and use less rare stuff.

• Innovative Designs: Engineers can look for lighter materials and better shapes that let the cars work well while still being safe.

• Public Awareness and Policy: Teaching people about good energy practices and creating laws to support efficient technologies can help with improving EV design.