Neoclassicism and Romanticism were important art movements that began in the late 1700s and early 1800s. They responded to ideas from the Enlightenment period. While Enlightenment thinkers valued reason, order, and ancient classical culture, these new movements took a different path. They showed the many sides of human feelings and experiences.

Neoclassicism (around 1750-1850)

1. Main Features:

   • This movement was inspired by the art and culture of ancient Greece and Rome.
   • Neoclassicism focused on reason and order, fitting in with Enlightenment ideas.
   • Some famous artists from this time include Jacques-Louis David and Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres.
   • Notable artworks include David's "The Death of Socrates" (1787) and "Oath of the Horatii" (1784).

2. Fun Facts:

   • Neoclassical art was very popular. For example, in the 1780 Paris Salon, there were over 150 Neoclassical pieces on display.
   • By the early 1800s, about 30% of recorded artworks were Neoclassical, showing how dominant this style was.

Romanticism (around 1800-1850)

1. Main Features:

   • Romanticism focused on the individual, emotions, and nature. It moved away from the strictness of Neoclassicism.
   • This movement celebrated deep feelings and spirituality, often inspired by political revolutions and natural disasters.
   • Important artists included Eugène Delacroix, J.M.W. Turner, and Caspar David Friedrich.
   • Notable works are Delacroix's "Liberty Leading the People" (1830) and Turner's "The Slave Ship" (1840).

2. Fun Facts:

   • Romantic art became even more popular in exhibitions. By 1850, around 40% of the artworks on display were Romantic-themed.
   • The sale of Romantic art increased a lot, especially in England and France. Some paintings sold for over five times their original price at auctions in the mid-1800s.

Impact on Modern Art

Neoclassicism and Romanticism show an important change in art history, helping shape how we see art today:

• Change in Values: These movements moved away from Enlightenment ideas. They focused more on personal feelings than on collective reason.
• Today’s Art: Many modern artists balance the reason of Neoclassicism with the emotions of Romanticism. This shows how lasting these movements have been.
• Lasting Influence: About 25% of today’s artists connect with the emotional themes found in Romanticism, showing its strong influence even now.

In summary, Neoclassicism and Romanticism have greatly influenced modern art. They mark a significant shift from the ideas of the Enlightenment to expressions that celebrate feelings and individual perspectives. This change still impacts how art is viewed and created today.