The passive voice in Spanish is formed by using the verb "ser" and a past participle.

Here’s how to do it:

1. Identify who or what is doing the action.
2. Figure out the action that is taking place.
3. Use the verb "ser" in the right time (usually present).
4. Add the past participle of the main verb.

Example:

• Active: "El chef cocina la cena." (The chef cooks dinner.)
• Passive: "La cena es cocinada por el chef." (Dinner is cooked by the chef.)

Important Grammar Points:

• Regular and Irregular Verbs:

  • Regular: Hablar - hablado (to talk - talked), Comer - comido (to eat - eaten)
  • Irregular: Hacer - hecho (to do - done), Decir - dicho (to say - said)

• Wishes and Feelings:

  • "Quiero que la cena sea deliciosa." (I want the dinner to be delicious.)

• Hypothetical Situations:

  • "Si supiera, ayudaría." (If I knew, I would help.)

• Ser vs. Estar:

  • Use "ser" for identity: "Ella es doctora." (She is a doctor.)
  • Use "estar" for conditions: "Ella está cansada." (She is tired.)

• Direct and Indirect Objects:

  • Direct: "Lo veo." (I see it.)
  • Indirect: "Le doy el libro." (I give him/her the book.)

• Reflexive Verbs:

  • "Me lavo las manos." (I wash my hands.)

• Time Clauses:

  • "Cuando llegues, comeremos." (When you arrive, we will eat.)

• Matching Adjectives and Nouns:

  • "Las casas son grandes." (The houses are big.)

• Question Words:

  • ¿Qué? - What?
  • ¿Dónde? - Where?
  • ¿Cómo? - How?

Using the passive voice makes your Spanish sound smoother and helps keep your sentences correct.