Recursion and iteration are two basic ways to solve problems in programming. Let’s break them down!

Recursion:

• This is when a function (a piece of code that does a task) calls itself to solve a problem.
• It often looks cleaner and is easier to understand for problems like finding the factorial of a number.
• For example, the factorial of a number (n!) can be expressed as:
  • ( n! = n \times (n-1)! )

Iteration:

• This method uses loops to repeat a piece of code until something specific happens.
• Iteration is usually better for saving memory.

Statistics:

• Using recursion too many times can cause problems, like a stack overflow, which happens when there are too many calls (like 1000 times).
• On the other hand, iterative solutions are generally quicker. They often use less time, usually taking about ( O(n) ), while recursion can take up to ( O(n!) ) in some cases.

In summary, both recursion and iteration are useful, but each has its pros and cons!