Molecular biology helps us understand evolution in several ways:

1. DNA Similarity:

   • Humans share about 98% of their DNA with chimpanzees.
   • This means we have a lot in common with them!
   • All living things have a similar genetic code, which shows we come from a common ancestor.

2. Protein Comparisons:

   • Proteins are made of building blocks called amino acids.
   • For example, humans and fruit flies have very similar proteins.
   • They only differ by 1 amino acid out of 104. That's pretty close!

3. Gene Homology:

   • Around 25% of human genes are similar to genes in yeast.
   • This shows that many genes have stayed the same over time in different species.

4. Molecular Clock:

   • Scientists look at DNA mutations to figure out when different species split from each other.
   • For instance, humans and Neanderthals separated about 500,000 years ago.

These facts from molecular biology help us see how different living things are connected and how they evolved over time.