In Russian, adjectives (words that describe nouns) change based on a few things: the case, gender, and number of the nouns they work with. When we use the accusative case (which is often used for direct objects), these changes depend mainly on the gender of the nouns.

If you want to master Russian grammar, it’s really important to get a handle on how these endings work.

Adjective Endings in the Accusative Case

1. Masculine Nouns

   • For masculine living nouns, adjectives take on a special ending in the accusative case.
   • Example:
     • Nominative (normal form): "большой дом" (big house)
     • Accusative: "Я вижу большой дом." (I see a big house.)
   • For living things:
     • Nominative: "умный мальчик" (smart boy)
     • Accusative: "Я вижу умного мальчика." (I see the smart boy.)

2. Feminine Nouns

   • Feminine nouns follow a regular pattern for their adjective endings in the accusative case.
   • Example:
     • Nominative: "красивая девушка" (beautiful girl)
     • Accusative: "Я вижу красивую девушку." (I see a beautiful girl.)

3. Neuter Nouns

   • Neuter nouns keep the same adjective ending in the accusative case as they do in the nominative case.
   • Example:
     • Nominative: "маленькое окно" (small window)
     • Accusative: "Я вижу маленькое окно." (I see a small window.)

4. Plural Nouns

   • For plural nouns, regardless of gender, adjectives have the same ending in the accusative case.
   • Example:
     • Nominative: "интересные книги" (interesting books)
     • Accusative: "Я читаю интересные книги." (I read interesting books.)

Summary of Endings

Here’s a simple table to help see the endings for different genders:

| Gender | Nominative Ending | Accusative Ending (Living) | Accusative Ending (Non-living) | |-------------|-------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------------| | Masculine | -ый/-ой/-ий | -ого/-его | -ый/-ой/-ий | | Feminine | -ая | -ую | -ая | | Neuter | -ое | -ое | -ое | | Plural | -ые | -ые | -ые |

Practice Sentences

Try using these sentences to practice the accusative case endings:

1. Я вижу хороший (good) стол. (masculine, non-living)
2. Я вижу новую (new) машину. (feminine, living)
3. Я вижу белое (white) яйцо. (neuter, non-living)
4. Я читаю интересные (interesting) статьи. (plural, living)

Conclusion

In short, knowing how to use the endings of adjectives in the accusative case is key to making correct sentences in Russian.

Practice making sentences with different nouns and adjectives while paying attention to their gender. This will help you get better at using the Russian case system!