Chromosomes are like long, thread-like strings made up of DNA and proteins. They hold the genetic information we need to grow, function, and reproduce.
In humans, we have 46 chromosomes, which are grouped into 23 pairs. Each parent gives one chromosome to each pair. This means that half of our genetic makeup comes from our mother and half from our father.
Genes are small parts of DNA that tell our body how to make proteins. These proteins do many important jobs in our body.
In humans, we have about 20,000 to 25,000 genes in our genome. These genes are arranged in a straight line on chromosomes, with each chromosome containing hundreds or thousands of genes.
Chromosomes have several key roles:
Genetic Variation: They help create genetic differences through a process called meiosis, which contributes to diversity.
Gene Regulation: How genes are organized on chromosomes helps control when and how genes are turned on or off. This means not all genes are active all the time.
Cell Division: During cell division (like mitosis and meiosis), chromosomes make sure that the genetic material is divided accurately. This is super important to keep the organism’s genetic information intact.
Chromosomes are like long, thread-like strings made up of DNA and proteins. They hold the genetic information we need to grow, function, and reproduce.
In humans, we have 46 chromosomes, which are grouped into 23 pairs. Each parent gives one chromosome to each pair. This means that half of our genetic makeup comes from our mother and half from our father.
Genes are small parts of DNA that tell our body how to make proteins. These proteins do many important jobs in our body.
In humans, we have about 20,000 to 25,000 genes in our genome. These genes are arranged in a straight line on chromosomes, with each chromosome containing hundreds or thousands of genes.
Chromosomes have several key roles:
Genetic Variation: They help create genetic differences through a process called meiosis, which contributes to diversity.
Gene Regulation: How genes are organized on chromosomes helps control when and how genes are turned on or off. This means not all genes are active all the time.
Cell Division: During cell division (like mitosis and meiosis), chromosomes make sure that the genetic material is divided accurately. This is super important to keep the organism’s genetic information intact.