Isotopes are different versions of atoms. They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

For example, let's take Carbon.

• Carbon-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
• Carbon-14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

Why Are Isotopes Important in Modern Physics?

1. Nuclear Medicine: Special isotopes like Iodine-131 are used to help find and treat diseases.
2. Radiocarbon Dating: Carbon-14 is used to figure out how old ancient objects are.
3. Research: Scientists use isotopes as markers in biological and chemical experiments.

Knowing about isotopes is really important for making progress in science and technology!