Matter can change its state in many everyday situations. Here are some easy-to-understand examples:

1. Melting:

   • When ice (which is frozen water) gets warm, it melts into liquid water at 0°C (32°F).
   • This process needs energy, which is about 334 joules for every gram of ice.

2. Freezing:

   • On the other hand, when water gets really cold and drops below 0°C, it turns into ice.
   • Freezing releases energy, and it lets go of that same 334 joules for every gram of water.

3. Evaporation:

   • If you heat liquid water, it can turn into water vapor (which is a gas) when it reaches 100°C (212°F).
   • This change requires a lot of energy, about 2260 joules for every gram of water.

4. Condensation:

   • Water vapor can cool down and change back into liquid water when temperatures drop.
   • For example, dew forms on the grass when it gets cooler at night.

5. Sublimation:

   • Some solids, like dry ice (which is frozen carbon dioxide), can turn straight into a gas without becoming liquid first.
   • This happens at a very cold temperature of -78.5°C (-109.3°F).

These examples show how matter can change based on heat and pressure. It helps us understand the different states of matter better!