When you learn Russian grammar, it’s super important to know the difference between real conditions (реальные условия) and unreal conditions (нереальные условия).
These conditions help you talk about things that can actually happen, imagined situations, and things that occurred in the past. Each type has its own set of rules.
Real conditions are all about things that can happen. They usually use the present tense.
Here’s a simple formula for these sentences:
Если ты учишься хорошо, ты сдашь экзамен.
(If you study well, you will pass the exam.)
Если погода будет хорошей, мы пойдем гулять.
(If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk.)
In these examples, the situation is real and can change what happens next.
Unreal conditions are for situations that are unlikely or just can’t happen. There are two types: present unreal and past unreal.
For present unreal conditions, use this structure:
This uses the past tense form of the verb.
Если бы ты учился хорошо, ты бы сдал экзамен.
(If you were studying well, you would pass the exam.)
Если бы погода была хорошей, мы бы пошли гулять.
(If the weather were nice, we would go for a walk.)
In these sentences, the condition isn’t true; it shows that the person isn’t studying well or that the weather isn’t nice.
Past unreal conditions are about things that could have happened in the past. Use this structure:
Here, you use the past tense of the verb.
Если бы ты учился лучше, ты бы сдал экзамен.
(If you had studied better, you would have passed the exam.)
Если бы погода была хорошей, мы бы пошли гулять.
(If the weather had been nice, we would have gone for a walk.)
In these examples, both the condition and the result are about something that didn’t happen.
Real Conditions: Talk about things that are likely to happen. They use the present tense for the condition and the future tense for the result.
Unreal Conditions: These are split into two types:
Present Unreal Conditions: Use past subjunctive to talk about imagined situations now or in the future, starting with "Если бы."
Past Unreal Conditions: Talk about imagined situations from the past using past perfect subjunctive.
By knowing these structures, you can express detailed ideas and feelings in Russian, which helps you communicate better. Remember to practice these patterns so you can make your own sentences and get better at understanding!
When you learn Russian grammar, it’s super important to know the difference between real conditions (реальные условия) and unreal conditions (нереальные условия).
These conditions help you talk about things that can actually happen, imagined situations, and things that occurred in the past. Each type has its own set of rules.
Real conditions are all about things that can happen. They usually use the present tense.
Here’s a simple formula for these sentences:
Если ты учишься хорошо, ты сдашь экзамен.
(If you study well, you will pass the exam.)
Если погода будет хорошей, мы пойдем гулять.
(If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk.)
In these examples, the situation is real and can change what happens next.
Unreal conditions are for situations that are unlikely or just can’t happen. There are two types: present unreal and past unreal.
For present unreal conditions, use this structure:
This uses the past tense form of the verb.
Если бы ты учился хорошо, ты бы сдал экзамен.
(If you were studying well, you would pass the exam.)
Если бы погода была хорошей, мы бы пошли гулять.
(If the weather were nice, we would go for a walk.)
In these sentences, the condition isn’t true; it shows that the person isn’t studying well or that the weather isn’t nice.
Past unreal conditions are about things that could have happened in the past. Use this structure:
Here, you use the past tense of the verb.
Если бы ты учился лучше, ты бы сдал экзамен.
(If you had studied better, you would have passed the exam.)
Если бы погода была хорошей, мы бы пошли гулять.
(If the weather had been nice, we would have gone for a walk.)
In these examples, both the condition and the result are about something that didn’t happen.
Real Conditions: Talk about things that are likely to happen. They use the present tense for the condition and the future tense for the result.
Unreal Conditions: These are split into two types:
Present Unreal Conditions: Use past subjunctive to talk about imagined situations now or in the future, starting with "Если бы."
Past Unreal Conditions: Talk about imagined situations from the past using past perfect subjunctive.
By knowing these structures, you can express detailed ideas and feelings in Russian, which helps you communicate better. Remember to practice these patterns so you can make your own sentences and get better at understanding!