Geometry has three main ways to change shapes. These are called transformations. The three types are translation, rotation, and reflection.

1. Translation:

   • What it is: This moves every point of a shape the same distance in a specific direction.
   • Key points:
     • The shapes remain the same size and shape.
     • They do not turn or flip.

2. Rotation:

   • What it is: This turns a shape around a fixed point, called the center of rotation, by a certain angle.
   • Key points:
     • The shapes stay the same size and shape.
     • They can change how they face, depending on if they turn clockwise (to the right) or counterclockwise (to the left).

3. Reflection:

   • What it is: This flips a shape over a line, called the line of reflection, creating a mirror image.
   • Key points:
     • The shapes remain the same size and shape.
     • They change how they face (the reflected shape looks reversed).

All three transformations keep the sizes and shapes the same, but they change how the shapes are turned or flipped.