What Are the Key Parts of a Class in Object-Oriented Programming?

In Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), classes are like blueprints that help us create objects. Knowing the important parts of a class is essential for getting good at OOP. Let’s look at the main parts:

1. Fields (Attributes): These are like boxes that store specific information about a class. For example, in a Car class, fields could include details like color, model, and year.

   class Car {
       String color;
       String model;
       int year;
   }
   

2. Methods: Methods are like actions that a class can perform. They are little functions inside a class that explain how it behaves. For example, a drive() method might show what happens when you drive the car.

   void drive() {
       System.out.println("The car is driving.");
   }
   

3. Constructors: Constructors are special functions that run when we create a new object. They usually help set up the fields of the class with initial values.

   Car(String color, String model, int year) {
       this.color = color;
       this.model = model;
       this.year = year;
   }
   

In short, a good class has fields to store information, methods to describe actions, and constructors to set up new objects. This makes it easier to build programs using OOP.