The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord. It is very important for keeping our nervous system healthy. The way it is built is closely related to different brain problems we see. These problems can change how the brain works and looks.

Important Points:

1. Structure Vulnerability:

   • The brain has about 86 billion nerve cells, called neurons. When diseases like Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affect these connections, it can trouble about 2.3 million people worldwide.

2. Function Location:

   • Different parts of the brain are responsible for different tasks. For example, if an area named Broca's area is damaged, a person might struggle to speak. This can happen to 30-40% of stroke patients.

3. Neurodegeneration:

   • Alzheimer’s disease affects around 6.5 million people in the U.S. It causes parts of the brain, especially the hippocampus, to shrink. This area is key for helping us remember things.

4. Spinal Cord Injuries:

   • Each year, about 17,000 new cases of spinal cord injuries happen in the U.S., according to the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. These injuries can make it hard for people to move and can affect functions that happen automatically in the body.

5. Plasticity and Recovery:

   • Neuroplasticity is a term that means the CNS can change and heal after an injury. This ability is very important for recovery after serious brain injuries. Every year, about 2.5 million people visit emergency rooms for such injuries.

Understanding how the CNS is built can help doctors diagnose brain problems better. It also helps them come up with treatment plans. This shows how important it is to keep researching and improving ways to help people with these conditions.