Graphs are a way to show relationships between points, called vertices or nodes. There are two main types of graphs: directed and undirected.

Directed Graphs:

• In directed graphs, the connections (called edges) have a specific direction. This means that each edge goes from one vertex to another, like from vertex A to vertex B.
• These graphs can show one-way relationships. For example, on social media, if A follows B, A knows about B, but B might not know about A.
• Directed graphs can help with tasks like organizing information (called topological sorting) and can also represent how web pages link to each other.

Undirected Graphs:

• In undirected graphs, the edges connect vertices without a specific direction. The connections go both ways.
• They represent mutual relationships, like friendships where both people know each other.
• Undirected graphs can help find the shortest path between points (like with Dijkstra’s algorithm) and are often easier to work with because their connections are simple.

It’s important to know the differences between these two types of graphs, especially when you’re choosing the right one for a project or a real-life situation.

When working with directed graphs, you need to pay attention to the direction of the edges while moving through the graph. In undirected graphs, you can move in both directions, which makes some tasks simpler.

Understanding these differences can help you pick the best graph type for your needs!