Understanding the differences between functions and relations can be tough for students. Let's break it down into simpler terms:

1. Definition:

   • A relation is just a group of pairs of numbers.
   • A function is a special kind of relation. In a function, each input has one and only one output.

2. Mapping:

   • In a function, when you take an input (x), it can’t lead to more than one output (y).
   • This can get confusing, especially when looking at data or graphs.

3. Graphical Representation:

   • You can tell if something is a function by using the vertical line test.
   • If you draw a vertical line on the graph and it touches the line more than once, then it’s not a function.

To make this clearer, practicing with examples and thinking about how these concepts show up in real life can really help you understand better.