Key Differences Between Static and Dynamic Memory Allocation for Arrays

When we talk about arrays in programming, we can organize memory in two main ways: static and dynamic.

1. Static Memory Allocation:

   • What It Is: Memory is set aside for the array when the program is built (compiled).
   • Size: You need to know the size ahead of time. For example, writing int arr[10]; creates space for 10 whole numbers.
   • Speed: Accessing this memory is usually faster because everything is lined up neatly from the start.
   • Flexibility: It’s not very flexible. If you need to change the size later, you have to go back and rebuild the program.

2. Dynamic Memory Allocation:

   • What It Is: Memory is set aside while the program is running, using functions like malloc or new.
   • Size: You can decide the size while the program is going. For example, int* arr = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int)); lets you create an array that can change size depending on what you need.
   • Speed: It can be a little slower because it takes extra time to manage the memory.
   • Flexibility: It’s much more flexible. You can resize or move things around whenever you need.

In short, static allocation is quick and easy but doesn’t allow for changes, while dynamic allocation is adaptable but may take a bit longer to manage.