Key Parts of Probability: Results, Events, and Sample Space

1. Outcomes: An outcome is what you get from doing one trial of a probability experiment.

   For example, when you toss a fair coin, the possible outcomes are heads (H) or tails (T).

2. Events: An event is a group of one or more outcomes.

   Think about rolling a six-sided die. The event of rolling an even number includes the outcomes: {2, 4, 6}.

   To find the probability of an event, you can use this formula:

   $P(E) = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of possible outcomes}}$

3. Sample Space: The sample space is all the possible outcomes.

   For example, if you roll a die once, the sample space $S$ looks like this:

   $S = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6\}$

   This means there are 6 total outcomes.

Understanding these key parts helps students learn the basics of probability. This knowledge is important for moving on to more complex ideas in statistics and probability.