Here's a simpler version of the content:
Recent discoveries about how brain injury happens during a stroke include:
Excitotoxicity: When too much glutamate is released, it can harm brain cells. This is responsible for about 70% of the immediate brain cell loss after a stroke.
Oxidative Stress: After a stroke, harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause brain cells to die. Studies show that ROS levels can go up by as much as 300% after a stroke.
Inflammation: Certain substances that cause inflammation, known as pro-inflammatory cytokines, play a big role. One type, interleukin-1β, can increase by 400% soon after a stroke occurs.
Apoptotic Signaling: This is the process where damaged cells are signaled to die. After a stroke, this process tends to be more active, with an important enzyme, caspase-3, increasing by 50% within the first day.
By understanding these processes, we can improve treatment options and help people recover better after a stroke.
Here's a simpler version of the content:
Recent discoveries about how brain injury happens during a stroke include:
Excitotoxicity: When too much glutamate is released, it can harm brain cells. This is responsible for about 70% of the immediate brain cell loss after a stroke.
Oxidative Stress: After a stroke, harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause brain cells to die. Studies show that ROS levels can go up by as much as 300% after a stroke.
Inflammation: Certain substances that cause inflammation, known as pro-inflammatory cytokines, play a big role. One type, interleukin-1β, can increase by 400% soon after a stroke occurs.
Apoptotic Signaling: This is the process where damaged cells are signaled to die. After a stroke, this process tends to be more active, with an important enzyme, caspase-3, increasing by 50% within the first day.
By understanding these processes, we can improve treatment options and help people recover better after a stroke.