Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions happen mainly because of two reasons:

1. Tectonic Plate Movement: The Earth's surface is made up of huge pieces called tectonic plates. These plates are always moving, and sometimes they bump into each other or pull apart. This movement can cause stress to build up, which leads to earthquakes and volcanoes.

2. Magma Movement: Magma is hot liquid rock found beneath the Earth's surface. When magma rises, it creates a lot of pressure. If the pressure gets too high, it can cause a volcanic eruption.

These events can be very dangerous. They can happen suddenly and lead to loss of life and damage.

Solutions:

• We can use better tools to track and predict earthquakes and volcanoes. This would help us give early warnings.
• Teaching people about these events can help communities get ready and stay safe.