In Russian, adjectives are words that describe nouns. They change to match the nouns they go with. This matching depends on three things:

1. Gender (which could be masculine, feminine, or neuter)
2. Number (singular or plural)
3. Case (this explains how the noun is used in a sentence)

Let's see how the word "новый," which means "new," changes with different nouns:

1. Masculine:

When "новый" is with masculine nouns, it stays the same.

• Example: новый дом means "new house."

2. Feminine:

For feminine nouns, "новый" changes to "новая."

• Example: новая книга means "new book."

3. Neuter:

When it describes neuter nouns, "новый" changes to "новое."

• Example: новое окно means "new window."

4. Plural:

For plural nouns, no matter if they're masculine, feminine, or neuter, "новый" changes to "новые."

• Example: новые дома means "new houses," and новые книги means "new books."

Adjective Agreement in Cases:

Adjectives also change when used in different cases. Here are examples in the nominative (subject) and accusative (object) cases:

• Nominative Case (the subject of a sentence):

  • Masculine: новый друг means "new friend."
  • Feminine: новая подруга means "new female friend."
  • Neuter: новое задание means "new task."

• Accusative Case (the object of a sentence):

  • Masculine: Я вижу нового друга means "I see a new friend."
  • Feminine: Я читаю новую книгу means "I am reading a new book."
  • Neuter: Я открываю новое окно means "I am opening a new window."

Comparatives and Superlatives:

If you want to say something is newer or the newest, "новый" can change too.

• For "newer," you use "новее."

  • Example: Это здание новее этого. means "This building is newer than that one."

• For "newest," you use "новейший."

  • Example: Это самый новый дом в городе. means "This is the newest house in the city."

Practicing these examples will help you get better at using adjectives in Russian!