The genitive case in negative sentences has some key functions:

1. Showing Something is Missing: It helps us understand when something isn’t available.

   • Example: У меня нет книги. (I don’t have a book.)

2. Talking About a Part: It tells us about a piece of something larger.

   • Example: Не все студенты пришли на занятие. (Not all students came to the class.)

3. In Dependent Clauses: The genitive case is often used in sentences that depend on another sentence, especially with negative verbs.

   • Example: Я не знаю, где мой друг. (I don’t know where my friend is.)

4. Highlighting What’s Not There: It emphasizes what is missing or not present.

   • Example: Я не вижу решения этой проблемы. (I don’t see a solution to this problem.)

Using the genitive case properly can make your negative sentences clearer and more interesting.

Practicing with these examples will help you get better at Russian!