In Spanish, subject pronouns help us know who is doing something. Here are the main subject pronouns:

• Yo – I
• Tú – you (informal)
• Él / Ella / Usted – he / she / you (formal)
• Nosotros / Nosotras – we (masculine / feminine)
• Vosotros / Vosotras – you all (informal, masculine / feminine)
• Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes – they / you all (masculine / feminine)

Leaving Out Subject Pronouns

Sometimes, we can skip saying subject pronouns in Spanish. This is because the verb shows us who is doing the action. Here are a couple of examples:

• Hablas español. (You speak Spanish.) – Here, we understand "tú," but we don't say it.
• Comemos pizza. (We eat pizza.) – "Nosotros" is understood but not used.

Present Tense Conjugations

In Spanish, regular verbs change their endings based on what type they are. There are three main types: -ar, -er, and -ir.

Here’s how some verbs change:

• Hablar:

  • Yo hablo (I speak)
  • Tú hablas (You speak)

• Comer:

  • Yo como (I eat)
  • Tú comes (You eat)

• Vivir:

  • Yo vivo (I live)
  • Tú vives (You live)

Articles

Articles are words that help describe nouns. We have definite articles (el, la) and indefinite articles (un, una).

• Definite: El perro (the dog)
• Indefinite: Una casa (a house)

Sentence Structure

A simple Spanish sentence usually follows this order: Subject-Verb-Object. For example:

• Yo como manzanas. (I eat apples.)

Adjective Agreement

Adjectives (describing words) need to match the noun they describe. They need to agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural).

Here are a few examples:

• Niño feliz (happy boy)
• Niña feliz (happy girl)
• Niños felices (happy boys)

If you understand these points, you will really improve your Spanish speaking and writing!